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BI-10泵吸式進樣器在分光光光度法分析中，向比色皿中傾倒溶液是zui費時的工作。在土壤養分高效測試系統中，為了提高測試工作的效率，對傳統的比色步驟進行了改進，形成了紫外分光光度計泵吸式進樣器系統。該系統由流動比色皿、進樣控制系統和真空吸引器組成。

為了能在不破(po)壞分(fen)光(guang)光(guang)度(du)計(ji)結構(gou)的(de)(de)(de)情(qing)況下實現(xian)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)進(jin)(jin)樣(yang)，除以上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)流動(dong)(dong)比色皿以外，還有(you)一個(ge)控制進(jin)(jin)樣(yang)、比色和排樣(yang)的(de)(de)(de)控制系統，即泵吸式自(zi)動(dong)(dong)進(jin)(jin)樣(yang)控制器，該裝置置于分(fen)光(guang)光(guang)度(du)計(ji)外部，通過操作其上(shang)面的(de)(de)(de)開(kai)關(guan)，控制液(ye)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)吸入(ru)、靜止與排出(chu)。

（一）紫外分光光度計泵吸式進樣器

BI-10泵吸式進樣器的進樣控(kong)制(zhi)系統由電源、時間繼電器、電磁閥及(ji)開關組成(cheng)，電源部(bu)分是將220V的(de)(de)(de)交流電(dian)(dian)轉換為(wei)直流電(dian)(dian)，供(gong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)和電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)，時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)控(kong)制進(jin)樣時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)，當(dang)比(bi)色(se)(se)皿中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)進(jin)滿(man)(man)后，時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)繼電(dian)(dian)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)會自動關(guan)閉電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)，停止進(jin)樣；電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)是(shi)控(kong)制溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)導通(tong)(tong)，對溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)流動起(qi)控(kong)制作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)。該(gai)控(kong)制器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)工作(zuo)(zuo)原理十(shi)分簡單，主要有(you)兩個電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)控(kong)制溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)的(de)(de)(de)流動完成整(zheng)個控(kong)制過程，在(zai)使(shi)用(yong)(yong)(yong)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，廢液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)口接真空吸(xi)引(yin)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，并由此(ci)產(chan)生一定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)負壓(ya)，如(ru)果沒有(you)動作(zuo)(zuo)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，兩個電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)均(jun)處于(yu)截止狀態(tai)，進(jin)樣時(shi)(shi)(shi)，可(ke)按(an)控(kong)制器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)面(mian)板上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)進(jin)樣開關(guan)，此(ci)開關(guan)觸發計(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，并按(an)計(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)，吸(xi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)導通(tong)(tong)，此(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)在(zai)負壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)下，溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)通(tong)(tong)過進(jin)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)口吸(xi)入比(bi)色(se)(se)杯中(zhong)(zhong)，吸(xi)滿(man)(man)后，多余的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)從吸(xi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)排掉(diao)，根據計(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)設(she)(she)定(ding)的(de)(de)(de)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)，可(ke)將比(bi)色(se)(se)杯吸(xi)滿(man)(man)稍多余一點為(wei)宜，計(ji)時(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)到達設(she)(she)定(ding)時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，吸(xi)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)關(guan)閉，此(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)可(ke)以進(jin)行比(bi)色(se)(se)。比(bi)色(se)(se)完畢后，按(an)動控(kong)制器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)面(mian)板上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)排液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)開關(guan)，此(ci)時(shi)(shi)(shi)排液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)上(shang)的(de)(de)(de)電(dian)(dian)磁(ci)(ci)(ci)閥(fa)導通(tong)(tong)，比(bi)色(se)(se)杯中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)在(zai)負壓(ya)的(de)(de)(de)作(zuo)(zuo)用(yong)(yong)(yong)下通(tong)(tong)過排液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)經廢液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)口排出，注意，排液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)時(shi)(shi)(shi)，進(jin)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)管(guan)不能(neng)插入溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)(zhong)，否則(ze)，不能(neng)排空比(bi)色(se)(se)杯中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)(rong)(rong)(rong)液(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)(ye)。

　　該(gai)儀器上(shang)配備的(de)電(dian)磁(ci)閥是全防腐(fu)二(er)位二(er)通式電(dian)磁(ci)閥，其閥體由聚四氟乙烯制作，膜片材料(liao)為氟橡(xiang)膠四氟，介質與其它(ta)配件隔(ge)離(li)，因此可(ke)有效抵(di)抗腐(fu)蝕作用(yong)(yong)。該(gai)電(dian)磁(ci)閥采(cai)用(yong)(yong)一次(ci)性開閥形式，隔(ge)離(li)式密封結構，泄漏量幾乎為零。

（二）的操作

按規定聯接好流動比(bi)色(se)皿和真空吸引器后，即(ji)可按下列步驟操作：

① 打開(kai)電源開(kai)關(guan)，此(ci)時(shi)開(kai)關(guan)上的(de)電源指示(shi)(shi)燈(deng)亮，時(shi)間(jian)顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)器窗(chuang)口顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)已設(she)定(ding)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)，新儀器則顯(xian)示(shi)(shi)出廠時(shi)設(she)定(ding)的(de)時(shi)間(jian)。

② 設定進樣時(shi)間(jian)。一般(ban)設置(zhi)為3~6秒為宜(yi)。

③ 打(da)開真空吸引(yin)器電源(yuan)，調整負壓(ya)值為0.01~0.02Mpa之間。

④ 將進液(ye)管插入待比色溶(rong)液(ye)中，按(an)(an)面板上的進樣(yang)(yang)按(an)(an)扭，此時(shi)(shi)(shi)計時(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)工(gong)作，同時(shi)(shi)(shi)導通(tong)真空(kong)吸引器(qi)，溶(rong)液(ye)通(tong)過進樣(yang)(yang)管吸入比色杯(bei)中。計時(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)則從設定的時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)開始，計時(shi)(shi)(shi)器(qi)歸零時(shi)(shi)(shi)，進樣(yang)(yang)停止。注意，進樣(yang)(yang)按(an)(an)扭為(wei)觸發開關，按(an)(an)動一下即可，不(bu)必長時(shi)(shi)(shi)間(jian)按(an)(an)下。

⑤ 比(bi)色。按分光光度計的要求(qiu)進行(xing)操作，并讀數或(huo)采集數據。

⑥ 將(jiang)(jiang)進樣管從溶(rong)液中(zhong)取出，按(an)動(dong)排樣按(an)扭，將(jiang)(jiang)溶(rong)液從比色杯中(zhong)排出。注意，該按(an)扭為非觸發開(kai)關，按(an)下后不能放開(kai)，直到溶(rong)液排完(wan)后方(fang)能放開(kai)。

⑦ 每(mei)次比色完畢，要用清(qing)(qing)水或(huo)無水乙醇反復清(qing)(qing)洗三至四遍。

（三）操作的注意(yi)事項

① BI-10泵吸式進樣器進樣速度(du)與真空吸(xi)引器(qi)的負(fu)壓值(zhi)有很大關(guan)系，在實際操作時，可(ke)將(jiang)(jiang)流(liu)動比(bi)色(se)皿從分光光度(du)計中取出(chu)，將(jiang)(jiang)真空吸(xi)引器(qi)的負(fu)壓值(zhi)設定在0.01~0.02Mpa之間，設(she)定(ding)(ding)時間為比(bi)色杯滿后(hou)稍多余一些即可，時間過(guo)短，比(bi)色杯中溶液不滿會嚴重(zhong)影響分析測定(ding)(ding)的性。

② 判(pan)斷比色杯中的(de)溶液是(shi)否排完，可(ke)觀(guan)察(cha)排液管中有(you)氣泡出(chu)現即可(ke)。

③ 真空吸引(yin)器的負壓值設定不(bu)能超(chao)過0.02Mpa。否則會(hui)導致(zhi)電磁閥漏氣。壓力設(she)定以溶液(ye)(ye)充滿比(bi)色杯后(hou)，吸液(ye)(ye)口沒有明顯的吸氣氣泡為宜。

④用完(wan)后(hou)一(yi)定(ding)清洗(xi)，如果清洗(xi)不干凈(jing)，在電磁(ci)閥(fa)上積鹽，會導致電磁(ci)閥(fa)損壞。